NEUROLOGICAL BASIS OF BEHAVIOUR

It is so important to know useful information about the nervous system and behaviour . I will show simple information, but not long article because I appreciate the time of the readers and I will complete the article next time .

Let’s discuss the nervous system and behaviour.

Although a person’s behaviour is largely influenced by their environment, there are certain characteristics that are predetermined by the person’s biological make up. Some of these characteristics are common to all people (to all human beings) while others may be specific to different people. For instance, all normal infants have a startle reflex, and all tend to be fearful of heights. Some children, however, seem to startle more easily because their neurons fire more anxiety messages. If a person’s nervous system is damaged, it might be impossible for them to name another person even though that other person is familiar to them. These are matters investigated by neurobiological psychology, which is concerned with the relationship between the person’s biology and nervous system and their psychological make up and behaviours.

The nervous system is not completely developed upon birth, but continues to develop as the body matures, and we become capable of more complex physical and psychological activities.  Maturation is the process of growth development which enables a person to learn a new form of behaviour. Most maturation processes are complete in the human being before the age of twenty. The two periods which involve the most rapid maturational changes are the first five years of life, and puberty. In an infant, the cerebral cortex is incomplete, and the synapses that allow messages to pass from one nerve to another are not yet linked to the appropriate nerves. Also, the axons, which are crucial in the transmission of messages between nerves, lack the myelin sheath, an insulating sheath that allows for much more rapid transmission of messages. The lack of the myelin sheath prevents the infant from controlling the lower parts of its body. Myelination and development of synapses continues into adolescence, and perhaps even into adult hood.

STRUCTURES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

The nervous system is rather like the look-out on a river boat: it monitors conditions, keeps the boat on course, and gives warnings when something unusual or dangerous is ahead. The nervous system allows humans to adapt to changes that can occur within the body (such as oxygen depletion after strenuous exercise) or outside the body (such as a change in temperature). The nervous system perceives the change and takes actions to adjust.  To perform such sophisticated services, the nervous system must be highly complex.

The nervous system can be divided into two main parts: 

1. The central nervous system.
2.  The peripheral nervous system.